数据可视化 (3) - 直方图

需求：现有 250 部电影的时长，希望统计出这些电影时长的分布状态

time =[131,  98, 125, 131, 124, 139, 131, 117, 128, 108, 135, 138, 131, 102, 107, 114, 119, 128, 121, 142, 127, 130, 124, 101, 110, 116, 117, 110, 128, 128, 115,  99, 136, 126, 134,  95, 138, 117, 111,78, 132, 124, 113, 150, 110, 117,  86,  95, 144, 105, 126, 130,126, 130, 126, 116, 123, 106, 112, 138, 123,  86, 101,  99, 136,123, 117, 119, 105, 137, 123, 128, 125, 104, 109, 134, 125, 127,105, 120, 107, 129, 116, 108, 132, 103, 136, 118, 102, 120, 114,105, 115, 132, 145, 119, 121, 112, 139, 125, 138, 109, 132, 134,156, 106, 117, 127, 144, 139, 139, 119, 140,  83, 110, 102,123,107, 143, 115, 136, 118, 139, 123, 112, 118, 125, 109, 119, 133,112, 114, 122, 109, 106, 123, 116, 131, 127, 115, 118, 112, 135,115, 146, 137, 116, 103, 144,  83, 123, 111, 110, 111, 100, 154,136, 100, 118, 119, 133, 134, 106, 129, 126, 110, 111, 109, 141,120, 117, 106, 149, 122, 122, 110, 118, 127, 121, 114, 125, 126,114, 140, 103, 130, 141, 117, 106, 114, 121, 114, 133, 137,  92,121, 112, 146,  97, 137, 105,  98, 117, 112,  81,  97, 139, 113,134, 106, 144, 110, 137, 137, 111, 104, 117, 100, 111, 101, 110,105, 129, 137, 112, 120, 113, 133, 112,  83,  94, 146, 133, 101,131, 116, 111,  84, 137, 115, 122, 106, 144, 109, 123, 116, 111,111, 133, 150]

python3 代码：

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
 
# 展现不同电影的时长分布状态
plt.figure(figsize=(10, 6), dpi=100)
 
# 准备时长数据
time = [131, 98, 125, 131, 124, 139, 131, 117, 128, 108, 135, 138, 131, 102, 107, 114, 119, 128, 121, 142, 127, 130,
        124, 101, 110, 116, 117, 110, 128, 128, 115, 99, 136, 126, 134, 95, 138, 117, 111, 78, 132, 124, 113, 150, 110,
        117, 86, 95, 144, 105, 126, 130, 126, 130, 126, 116, 123, 106, 112, 138, 123, 86, 101, 99, 136, 123, 117, 119,
        105, 137, 123, 128, 125, 104, 109, 134, 125, 127, 105, 120, 107, 129, 116, 108, 132, 103, 136, 118, 102, 120,
        114, 105, 115, 132, 145, 119, 121, 112, 139, 125, 138, 109, 132, 134, 156, 106, 117, 127, 144, 139, 139, 119,
        140, 83, 110, 102, 123, 107, 143, 115, 136, 118, 139, 123, 112, 118, 125, 109, 119, 133, 112, 114, 122, 109,
        106, 123, 116, 131, 127, 115, 118, 112, 135, 115, 146, 137, 116, 103, 144, 83, 123, 111, 110, 111, 100, 154,
        136, 100, 118, 119, 133, 134, 106, 129, 126, 110, 111, 109, 141, 120, 117, 106, 149, 122, 122, 110, 118, 127,
        121, 114, 125, 126, 114, 140, 103, 130, 141, 117, 106, 114, 121, 114, 133, 137, 92, 121, 112, 146, 97, 137, 105,
        98, 117, 112, 81, 97, 139, 113, 134, 106, 144, 110, 137, 137, 111, 104, 117, 100, 111, 101, 110, 105, 129, 137,
        112, 120, 113, 133, 112, 83, 94, 146, 133, 101, 131, 116, 111, 84, 137, 115, 122, 106, 144, 109, 123, 116, 111,
        111, 133, 150]
# 定义一个间隔大小
a = 2
 
# 得出组数
bins = int((max(time) - min(time)) / a)
 
# 画出直方图
plt.hist(time, bins, normed=1)
 
# 指定刻度的范围，以及步长
plt.xticks(list(range(min(time), max(time)))[::2])
# 增加标题、x轴、y轴描述信息
plt.title("不同电影的时长分布状态")
plt.xlabel("电影时长大小")
plt.ylabel("电影的数据量")
# 增加网格显示
plt.grid(True, linestyle='--', alpha=0.5)
 
# 保存图像
plt.savefig("./movies.png")
# 显示图像
plt.show()

效果展示：